This article needs additional citations for. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2011) () Flash Video.flv,.f4v,.f4p,.f4a,.f4b video/x-flv, video/mp4, audio/mp4 Developed by (originally developed by ) Type of format Audio, video, text, data Extended from FLV: F4V: Flash Video is a used to deliver content (e.g.,,, etc.) over the using version 6 and newer.

Flash Video content may also be embedded within files. There are two different video file formats known as Flash Video: FLV and F4V.

The audio and video data within FLV files are encoded in the same manner as they are within SWF files. The F4V file format is based on the and is starting with Flash Player 9 update 3. Both formats are supported in Adobe Flash Player and developed by Adobe Systems. FLV was originally developed. In the early 2000s, Flash Video used to be the de facto standard for web-based streaming video (over ).

Video, metacafe, Reuters.com, and many other news providers. Flash Video FLV files usually contain material encoded with codecs following the Sorenson Spark or VP6 video compression formats. The most recent public releases of Flash Player (collaboration between Adobe Systems and MainConcept) also support. Download smart movie converter with keygen. Total Movie Converter is a handy solution to convert video files of almost all popular video codecs. 4Easysoft AMV.

Notable users of it include,,,,, and many other news providers. Flash Video FLV files usually contain material encoded with following the. The most recent public releases of Flash Player (collaboration between and ) also support video and audio.

All of these compression formats are restricted by patents. Flash Video is viewable on most via the Adobe Flash Player and or one of several third-party programs. Apple's devices, along with almost all other mobile devices, do not support the Flash Player plugin and so require other delivery methods such as provided by the. Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • History [ ] Support for video in SWF file format was added in Flash Player 6, released in 2002.

In 2003, Flash Player 7 added direct support for FLV file format. Because of restrictions in the FLV file format, Adobe Systems has created in 2007 new file formats listed below, based on the (MPEG-4 Part 12). Flash Player does not check the extension of the file, but rather looks inside the file to detect which format it is. The new file formats are completely different from the older FLV file format. For example, F4V does not support Screen video, Sorenson Spark, VP6 video compression formats and ADPCM, Nellymoser audio compression formats. Authors of Flash Player strongly encourage everyone to embrace the new standard file format F4V (ISO base media file format). There are functional limits with the FLV structure when streaming H.264 or AAC which could not be overcome without a redesign of the file format.

This is one reason why Adobe Systems is moving away from the traditional FLV file structure. Initial format since 2002 is Flash Video, file suffix is.flv with a MIME derived of video/x-flv. Extended from 2007 to support the, Adobe branded file suffix is.f4v with the same MIME derived of video/mp4 as the Apple file suffix of.m4v and the general file suffix of.mp4.

Adobe branded file suffixes exist for.f4p which relates to media encrypted with their Adobe Access DRM scheme with.f4a and.f4b which relate respectively to.m4a and.m4b with the same MIME derived of audio/mp4. SWF files published for Flash Player 6 and later versions are able to exchange audio, video, and data over connections with the Adobe Flash Media Server. One way to feed data to Flash Media Server is from files in the FLV file format. Starting with SWF files created for Flash Player 7, Flash Player can play FLV file format directly (MIME type video/x-flv). Starting with SWF files created for Flash Player 9 Update 3, Flash Player can also play the new F4V file format. FLV Tag Structure Following that, there are three bytes for the Payload Size denoting length of the Payload Data, then four bytes for the Timestamp in milliseconds (with the last byte used to extend the first three bytes), the next 3 bytes for the Stream ID (incremented for multiple streams of the same type), and finally followed by the actual payload data.

There is a direct relation between the fields encountered in an FLV Tag and those found in a, as for example the FLV Packet Type field uses the same numeric values as the RTMP Chunk Type field (ex. 0x08 for audio and 0x09 for video).

FLV tags are thus converted into RTMP packets when the file is streamed through a Flash Media Server or equivalent RTMP Server. The first packet encountered is usually a metadata packet which contains information such as: • 'duration' - 64-bit IEEE floating point value in seconds • 'width' and 'height' – 64-bit IEEE floating point value in pixels • 'framerate' – 64-bit IEEE floating point value in frames per second • 'keyframes' – an array with the positions of, needed when random access is sought. • ' AdditionalHeader' - an array of required stream decoding informational pairs • 'Encryption' - an array of required encryption informational pairs • 'Metadata' - encoded string of a signed certificate containing the Adobe Access AES decryption key required When streamed using an built player, the values above are passed as arguments on the onMetaData callback function. Audio packets have the first byte of the payload defining the decoding details with the first four bits for the encoding used and the last four bits for the parameters required to process the encoding. Video packets have this order reversed.

Video encodings enumerated from 0 are: Id Video encoding 0 RGB 1 2 3 Screen 1 4 On2 TrueMotion 5 with alpha 6 Screen 2 7 MP4 8 ITU 9. Video processing parameters enumerated from 1 are: Id Video processing parameters 1 key frame 2 non-key frame 3 H.263 disposable frame 4 generated key frame 5 one byte frame seeking instruction MPEG-4 encodings such as H.264, MPEG-4 ASP and AAC add a one byte value with a NULL value indicating that the payload contains MPEG-4 configuration details. MPEG-4 video encodings also add three bytes for composition timestamp offset which is required for encodings that use B-frames.

Audio encodings enumerated from 0 are: Id Audio encoding 0 native PCM 1 2 3 PCM - little endian 4 16 kHz 5 8 kHz 6 parameter rate 7 8 Audio encodings enumerated from 10 are: Id Audio encoding 10 11 Audio encodings enumerated from 14 are 8 kHz, Device specific such as. Audio processing parameters with the first two bits for the sampling rate, next bit flags 16-bit sample size on with off indicating 8-bit sample size, and the final bit flags stereophonic channels on with off indicating monaural only. Sampling rates enumerated from 0 are 5.5 kHz, 11.025 kHz quarter, 22.05 kHz half, 44.1 kHz full.

Main article: Adobe Flash Player is a multimedia and application player originally developed by and acquired. It plays files, which can be created by,, or a number of other and 3rd party tools.

It has support for a scripting language called, which can be used to display Flash Video from an SWF file. Because the Flash Player runs as a, it is possible to embed Flash Video in web pages and view the video within a web browser.

Flash Player supported display of Flash Video files since version 6, with the and On video codecs. Support was recently added for video content as well.

H.264 [ ] Flash Player 9 Update 3, released on 3 December 2007, also includes support for the new Flash Video file format F4V and video standard (also known as MPEG-4 part 10, or AVC) which is even more computationally demanding, but offers significantly better quality/bitrate ratio. Specifically, Flash Player now supports video compressed in H.264 (MPEG-4 Part 10), audio compressed using (MPEG-4 Part 3), the F4V, MP4 (MPEG-4 Part 14), M4V, M4A, and multimedia, specification (MPEG-4 Part 17) which is a standardized subtitle format and partial parsing support for the 'ilst' atom which is the equivalent uses to store. Created with DivX or Xvid) is not supported. In an interview with, the main programmer of Flash said that the company had wanted to use H.264 when video support was originally added to Flash, but had been deterred by the patent licensing fees of around $5 million (£3.5 million) per year. Playback [ ] Flash Player supports two distinct modes of video playback: • Software Rendered Video: Flash Player supports software rendered video since version 6.

Such video supports vector animations displayed above the video content. Such content is typically rendered using software decoding. • Hardware Accelerated Video: Flash Player supports hardware accelerated video playback since version 10.2, for, F4V, and video formats.

Such video is displayed above all Flash content, and takes advantage of chipsets installed on the user's device. Developers must specifically use the 'StageVideo' technology within Flash Player in order for hardware decoding to be enabled. Flash Player internally uses technologies such as and to do so.

Desktop-based [ ]. Main article: Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Unix-based • (freeware) (no longer published or supported by Adobe) • (free software) • (free software) • (freeware) • (free software) • (freeware) Mac OS devices can play flash videos in with the help of additional software (such as the open source component.) PDA-based and smartphone-based [ ] Windows Mobile, Palm OS-based • (open source software) The and devices can play flash videos with the help of additional software (such as the web browser application.) Apple iOS has never supported Flash. Android versions above 2.1 through 4.0 supported Flash; Adobe has discontinued Flash Player for Android. On 29 June 2012, Adobe announced that, as they were discontinuing development of the mobile version of Flash, they would prevent the Flash player from installing from the Google Play Store on any Android devices that do not already have the Flash player installed, and that they would not be releasing a version of Flash certified for use with Android version 4.1, codenamed.

Delivery options [ ] Flash Video files can be delivered in several different ways: • As a standalone.FLV file. Although Flash Video files are normally delivered using a Flash player for control, the.FLV file itself is only playable with an FLV player. There are several third party players available. Contoh Proposal Seminar Kewirausahaan Pdf Merger. • Embedded in an SWF file using the Flash authoring tool (supported in Flash Player 6 and later). The entire file must be transferred before playback can begin.

Changing the video requires rebuilding the SWF file. • via (supported in Flash Player 7 and later). This method uses to include an externally hosted Flash Video file client-side for playback. Has several advantages, including buffering, use of generic HTTP servers, and the ability to reuse a single SWF player for multiple Flash Video sources. Flash Player 8 includes support for random access within video files using the partial download functionality of HTTP, sometimes this is referred to as streaming. However, unlike streaming using, HTTP 'streaming' does not support real-time broadcasting. Streaming via HTTP requires a custom player and the injection of specific Flash Video metadata containing the exact starting position in bytes and timecode of each keyframe.

Using this specific information, a custom Flash Video player can request any part of the Flash Video file starting at a specified keyframe. For example,, YouTube, and support progressive downloading and can seek to any part of the video before buffering is complete. • Streamed via to the Flash Player using the (formerly called Flash Communication Server), free, VCS, ElectroServer,,, WebORB for.NET, WebORB for Java, erlyvideo (in erlang), or the open source server. As of April 2008, there are stream recorders available for this protocol, re-encoding screencast software excluded. • 4.5 allows Flash video streaming to and. It achieves this by delivering the content in an stream using the format. Flash video recording [ ] It is possible to record online flash videos using and.

The former gives lossless results, while the latter allows recording any video even when anti- measures are used. See also [ ]. • ^ Adobe Systems Incorporated (November 2008). Adobe Systems Incorporated. Retrieved 3 August 2009.

7 December 2008. Retrieved 3 August 2009.

Archived from on 18 November 2010. Retrieved 24 September 2010. • • ^ Kaourantin.net (20 August 2007).. Archived from on 6 January 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.

• ^ Kaourantin.net (31 October 2007) Tinic Uro 6 July 2010 at the., Retrieved on 2009-08-03 • ^ Adobe, Retrieved on 2009-08-09 • ^ MultimediaWiki, Retrieved on 2009-08-11 • Adobe (3 December 2007), Retrieved on 2009-08-10 • Benjamin Larsson (17 March 2009).. FFmpeg-devel (Mailing list).

Archived from on 17 August 2009. Retrieved 9 August 2009. 13 August 2005. Archived from on 6 February 2009.

Retrieved 10 August 2009. Retrieved 3 November 2009. • Sorenson Media, Retrieved on 2009-08-09 • ^ Adobe LiveDocs (2005), Retrieved on 2009-08-09 •. Retrieved 4 February 2011. To support better quality video at the same data rate, the On2 VP6 codec is noticeably slower to encode and requires more processor power on the client computer to decode and play back.

For this reason, carefully consider the lowest common denominator of computer you intend your viewing audience to use when accessing your Flash Video content. If you anticipate a large user base that uses older computers, consider encoding your FLV files using the Sorenson Spark codec. • Adobe LiveDocs (2005), Retrieved on 2009-08-09 • AskMeFlash.com (10 May 2009) 15 April 2009 at the., Retrieved on 2009-08-12 • • Open Source Flash (2011) Flash Video (FLV) [online] Available from (link already dead): •. 3 December 2007. Retrieved 31 January 2008. Adobe Systems Incorporated.

November 2008. Archived from (PDF) on 31 May 2010.

• Frewin, Jonathan (18 May 2010).. Retrieved 1 June 2010. • Melanson, Mike (January 27, 2010).. Retrieved November 15, 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2016.

• Arthur, Charles (29 June 2012)... Retrieved 30 June 2012. • 9 September 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2011. External links [ ] • • (adobe.com) • versions from 6 to 9 (adobe.com) • (Library of Congress).

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